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Drug / geroscience

Metformin

Automated longevity evidence pipeline intervention.

Where the science stands

This page summarizes the current human evidence captured in the Longevity Compass database. Result interpretation is conservative and unresolved outcomes remain unknown.

Evidence depth 73 / 100

Research path

From biological idea to human evidence

These stages show different kinds of evidence for Metformin. Moving through them does not mean an intervention is proven to slow aging.

  1. 1

    Biological idea

    Reviewing animal and laboratory research…

  2. 2

    Human testing

    8 direct aging trial links and 8 related trial links tracked. A trial count describes research activity, not benefit.

  3. 3

    What results show

    0 beneficial, 18 neutral and 1 harmful result links interpreted; 21 remain unresolved.

  4. 4

    Still unanswered

    Whether these findings translate into meaningful, lasting healthy-aging benefits in people remains unproven. Longer follow-up and clearer safety and clinical outcomes are needed.

How AgeBeacon evaluates evidence →

Beyond human trials

The bigger longevity story

Loading animal and laboratory evidence…

Animal and cell studies help explain biological plausibility and identify promising directions. They are shown separately and do not increase the human evidence-depth score.

Signals we're watching

What human studies are measuring

Inflammation

0 beneficial, 1 neutral, 0 harmful and 0 mixed interpreted result(s); 1 remain unknown.

Biological aging

0 beneficial, 1 neutral, 0 harmful and 0 mixed interpreted result(s); 1 remain unknown.

Muscle

0 beneficial, 2 neutral, 0 harmful and 0 mixed interpreted result(s); 2 remain unknown.

Physical function

0 beneficial, 1 neutral, 1 harmful and 0 mixed interpreted result(s); 2 remain unknown.

Cardiovascular

0 beneficial, 1 neutral, 0 harmful and 0 mixed interpreted result(s); 1 remain unknown.

Cognition

1 result(s) are linked, but direction remains unknown.

Metabolic health

0 beneficial, 1 neutral, 0 harmful and 0 mixed interpreted result(s); 2 remain unknown.

Research depth

Human evidence picture

Evidence depth describes how much relevant human research exists; it is not an efficacy score. Unknown results are not treated as neutral.

8
Direct aging trials
8
Indirect relevant trials
40
Publications linked
7
Results publications

Interpreted results

Beneficial
0
Neutral
18
Harmful
1
Unknown / unresolved
21

Population relevance

Healthy / aging
0
Disease-specific
5

Safety evidence

0

Trials currently identified with safety-result data.

Go to the source

Studies & publications

Inspect the original evidence behind this profile. Links open the trial registry, PubMed or the publication DOI.

Effects of Metformin in a Non-Diabetic Patient PopulationNCT03772964INTERVENTIONAL · PHASE1/PHASE2 · 32 participants · COMPLETEDDiet and Exercise Plus Metformin to Treat Frailty in Obese SeniorsNCT04221750INTERVENTIONAL · PHASE3 · 114 participants · COMPLETEDNutraceuticals and Drug Treatment in Frail Older AdultsNCT04962841OBSERVATIONAL · 485 participants · UNKNOWNPharmacokinetics of Clinical Probes and Characteristics of Endogenous Biomarker in Chinese Older AdultsNCT05893849OBSERVATIONAL · 624 participants · UNKNOWNEffectiveness of Alternative Therapies in Maintaining Weight Loss Achieved by GLP-1 Medications Post-CessationNCT07092618INTERVENTIONAL · PHASE2/PHASE3 · 150 participants · RECRUITINGMetformin and Molecular Aging in PrediabetesNCT07302932INTERVENTIONAL · NA · 112 participants · COMPLETEDVIAging Deceleration Trial Using Metformin, Dasatinib, Rapamycin and Nutritional SupplementsNCT04994561INTERVENTIONAL · PHASE1 · WITHDRAWNCombination Gerotherapeutic Interventions for Healthspan ImprovementNCT07475546INTERVENTIONAL · PHASE3 · 30 participants · ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITINGPhysical and Chemical Study of Atherosclerosis MechanismsNCT01700075INTERVENTIONAL · PHASE4 · 97 participants · COMPLETEDMitochondrial Redox Modulation in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Imeglimin vs. Metformin MonotherapyNCT07436182INTERVENTIONAL · PHASE4 · 176 participants · NOT_YET_RECRUITINGClinical Study to Evaluate the Possible Efficacy of Metformin in Patients With Parkinson's DiseaseNCT05781711INTERVENTIONAL · PHASE2 · 60 participants · COMPLETEDEffect of Liraglutide on Epicardial Fat in Subjects With Type 2 DiabetesNCT02014740INTERVENTIONAL · PHASE4 · 100 participants · COMPLETEDAlRasheed HA, Bahaa MM, Elmasry TA, Elberri EI, Kotkata FA, El Sabaa RM, Elmorsi YM, Kamel MM, Negm WA, Hamouda AO, Aldossary KM, Salahuddin MM, Yasser M, Eldesouqui M, Hamouda MA, Eltantawy N, Elawady ME, Abdallah MS. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study of metformin as an adjunctive therapy in Parkinson's disease. Front Pharmacol. 2025 May 2;16:1497261. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1497261. eCollection 2025.PMID 40385486Results publicationDong L, Xu Z, Li Y, Wei D, Lin J, Wang C, Chen H, Lv M. Metformin for the treatment of unruptured vertebrobasilar dissecting aneurysm (METTLE): study protocol for a double-blinded randomised controlled trial. Trials. 2025 Dec 6;27(1):27. doi: 10.1186/s13063-025-09348-x.PMID 41351119Results publicationOshakbayev K, Dukenbayeva B, Otarbayev N, Togizbayeva G, Tabynbayev N, Gazaliyeva M, Idrisov A, Oshakbayev P. Weight loss therapy for clinical management of patients with some atherosclerotic diseases: a randomized clinical trial. Nutr J. 2015 Nov 25;14:120. doi: 10.1186/s12937-015-0108-y.PMID 26608649Results publicationMone P, Pansini A, Jankauskas SS, Varzideh F, Kansakar U, Lombardi A, Trimarco V, Frullone S, Santulli G. L-Arginine Improves Cognitive Impairment in Hypertensive Frail Older Adults. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2022 Apr 12;9:868521. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.868521. eCollection 2022.PMID 35498050Results publicationMone P, Lombardi A, Gambardella J, Pansini A, Macina G, Morgante M, Frullone S, Santulli G. Empagliflozin Improves Cognitive Impairment in Frail Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes and Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction. Diabetes Care. 2022 May 1;45(5):1247-1251. doi: 10.2337/dc21-2434.PMID 35287171Results publicationIacobellis G, Mohseni M, Bianco SD, Banga PK. Liraglutide causes large and rapid epicardial fat reduction. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2017 Feb;25(2):311-316. doi: 10.1002/oby.21718.PMID 28124506Results publicationNava MLD, Viola V, Aguilar M, Bryant MS, Nambi V, Armamento-Villareal R, Qualls C, Villareal DT. Metformin added to lifestyle intervention for physical function in older adults with obesity (DEMFOS trial): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet Healthy Longev. 2027 Jul 1:100883. doi: 10.1016/j.lanhl.2026.100883. Online ahead of print.PMID 42532077Results publicationCortes-Canteli M, Iadecola C. Alzheimer's Disease and Vascular Aging: JACC Focus Seminar. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020 Mar 3;75(8):942-951. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.10.062.PMID 32130930Linked publicationAfilalo J, Alexander KP, Mack MJ, Maurer MS, Green P, Allen LA, Popma JJ, Ferrucci L, Forman DE. Frailty assessment in the cardiovascular care of older adults. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014 Mar 4;63(8):747-62. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.09.070. Epub 2013 Nov 27.PMID 24291279Linked publicationJung HW, Baek JY, Jang IY, Guralnik JM, Rockwood K, Lee E, Kim DH. Short Physical Performance Battery as a Crosswalk Between Frailty Phenotype and Deficit Accumulation Frailty Index. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2021 Nov 15;76(12):2249-2255. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glab087.PMID 33780526Linked publicationSchievink WI. Spontaneous dissection of the carotid and vertebral arteries. N Engl J Med. 2001 Mar 22;344(12):898-906. doi: 10.1056/NEJM200103223441206. No abstract available.PMID 11259724Linked publicationDebette S, Compter A, Labeyrie MA, Uyttenboogaart M, Metso TM, Majersik JJ, Goeggel-Simonetti B, Engelter ST, Pezzini A, Bijlenga P, Southerland AM, Naggara O, Bejot Y, Cole JW, Ducros A, Giacalone G, Schilling S, Reiner P, Sarikaya H, Welleweerd JC, Kappelle LJ, de Borst GJ, Bonati LH, Jung S, Thijs V, Martin JJ, Brandt T, Grond-Ginsbach C, Kloss M, Mizutani T, Minematsu K, Meschia JF, Pereira VM, Bersano A, Touze E, Lyrer PA, Leys D, Chabriat H, Markus HS, Worrall BB, Chabrier S, Baumgartner R, Stapf C, Tatlisumak T, Arnold M, Bousser MG. Epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of intracranial artery dissection. Lancet Neurol. 2015 Jun;14(6):640-54. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(15)00009-5.PMID 25987283Linked publication

The big unanswered question

Can promising biology translate into meaningful healthy-aging benefits?

That is the standard this evidence profile is tracking. New trials and results can strengthen, weaken or change the picture over time.

Confidence: moderateScore model: v0.5-curated-ruleUpdated: 2026-09-21Source: live evidence database