Body composition

Bone mineral density

Clinical biomarkerImagingDEXAg/cm² / T-score

An imaging measure of bone mineral density.

What it measures

Bone mineral content normalized to scanned area.

Why it matters

Central to osteoporosis diagnosis and fracture-risk assessment.

How to interpret it

Interpret T-score/Z-score according to age, sex and clinical indication.

Important limitations

Bone density is only one component of fracture risk and does not measure overall biological aging.

Evidence status

Clinical biomarker

Established clinical measurement with clear aging relevance.

Research & guidance

Original papers, validation studies, reviews and clinical guidance connected to this measurement.

meta-analysis

Bone mineral density and all-cause, cardiovascular and stroke mortality: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

International Journal of Cardiology · 2013

Lower BMD was associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality; its primary validated clinical role remains osteoporosis and fracture-risk assessment.

For education and evidence exploration, not diagnosis or individualized medical advice.